随着我国对可再生能源的开发和应用的不时深化开展, 应用畜禽粪便厌氧发酵产沼气是一种十分有前景的能源应用途径,但所产生的沼气中都含有H2S气体,由于它是一种腐蚀性很强的化合物,所以沼气脱硫是沼气应用的关键环节。
With the development and application of renewable energy in China, anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure to produce biogas is a very promising way of energy application. However, the biogas generated contains H2S gas. As it is a highly corrosive compound, biogas desulfurization is the key link of biogas application.
目前沼气脱硫的办法有两大类,即物理化学法和生物法。物理化学法包括干法脱硫和湿法脱硫,已被普遍地应用且积聚了丰厚的经历,但该办法存在运转费用高、投资大、产生二次污染等缺陷;而生物法以不需催化剂和氧化剂、不需处置化学污泥、少污染、低能耗、率、可回收单质硫等优点,惹起了人们的普遍关注。生物脱硫的安装主要由生物脱硫塔和曝气水箱构成,从厌氧罐内导出的沼气由脱硫塔底部进入,脱硫循环水由泵打入脱硫塔顶,两者在塔内逆向接触反响,且塔内充有填料以供脱硫菌附着生长,同时也利于气水平均散布以充沛接触。生物脱硫分为3个阶段 :
At present, there are two kinds of desulfurization methods for biogas, namely physical chemical method and biological method. Physicochemical methods, including dry desulfurization and wet desulfurization, have been widely used and accumulated rich experience, but they have some shortcomings such as high operating costs, large investment and secondary pollution. Biological methods have attracted widespread attention for their advantages of no catalyst and oxidant, no need to dispose of chemical sludge, less pollution, low energy consumption, high efficiency and recoverable elemental sulfur. 。 The installation of biological desulfurization is mainly composed of biological desulfurization tower and aeration tank. The biogas derived from anaerobic tank enters from the bottom of the desulfurization tower, and the circulating water of desulfurization is pumped into the top of the desulfurization tower. Both of them are in reverse contact and react in the tower, and the tower is filled with fillers for the attachment and growth of desulfurization bacteria, which is also conducive to the full contact of the gas level. Biological desulfurization can be divided into three stages:
1.H2S 气体的溶解过程,即由气相转化为液相;
1. The dissolution process of H2S gas, i.e. from gas phase to liquid phase;
2.溶解后的H2S被微生物吸收,转移微生物的体内;
2. The dissolved H2S is absorbed by microorganisms and transferred to microorganisms.
3.进入微生物细胞内的H2S作为营养物被微生物合成、转化和应用,从而到达去除H2S的目的。
3. H2S entering microbial cells is synthesized, transformed and applied by microorganisms as nutrients to remove H2S.
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