一、沼气成分对发动机运行的影响
1、 Influence of biogas composition on engine operation
在利用沼气发电过程中，由于沼气发电机组本身设计和材料的特点，导致发电机组对沼气中的部分成分（如H2S、水分、固体杂质等）特别敏感，如果处理不好将导致发电机组无法正常运行。
In the process of using biogas for power generation, due to the design and material characteristics of biogas generator set, the generator set is particularly sensitive to some components in biogas (such as H2S, moisture, solid impurities, etc.), and if it is not handled properly, the generator set will not operate normally.
硫化氢对发电机组的影响
Influence of hydrogen sulfide on generator set
硫化氢（H2S）是一种无色有毒的可燃性气体，具有强烈的臭鸡蛋气味，当空气中硫化氢的体积含量超过0.1%时，就能引起头疼晕眩等中毒症状。硫化氢（H2S）对铁等金属有强腐蚀性，也易吸附金属表面与多种金属离子作用，生成不溶于水的硫化物沉淀。沼气在燃烧时，其中的H2S还能转化为腐蚀性很强的亚硫酸气雾会污染环境和腐蚀机器设备，同时H2S在潮湿的环境下对金属管道、燃烧设备、检测设备和仪表等都具有强烈的腐蚀性，所以沼气在利用前必须脱出其中所含的H2S。利用沼气发电时沼气中的硫化氢会对沼气发电机组的进气管道、增压器、中冷器、火花塞、气缸套、排气管和消音器等造成严重腐蚀影响机组寿命。所以沼气在进入发电机组之前必须进行沼气预处理，将H2S降到机组允许的范围内才能保证机组的可靠运行。
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a colorless, toxic and combustible gas with a strong smell of rotten eggs. When the volume content of hydrogen sulfide in the air exceeds 0.1%, it can cause poisoning symptoms such as headache and dizziness. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is highly corrosive to iron and other metals, and it is also easy to adsorb metal surface and interact with a variety of metal ions to form sulfide precipitation insoluble in water. During the combustion of biogas, H2S can also be transformed into highly corrosive sulfite mist, which will pollute the environment and corrode machinery and equipment. At the same time, H2S has strong corrosivity to metal pipes, combustion equipment, detection equipment and instruments in a humid environment. Therefore, the H2S contained in biogas must be removed before use. When using biogas for power generation, the hydrogen sulfide in biogas will cause serious corrosion to the inlet pipe, supercharger, intercooler, spark plug, cylinder liner, exhaust pipe and silencer of biogas generator unit, affecting the service life of the unit. Therefore, before entering the generator unit, biogas must be pretreated to reduce H2S to the allowable range of the unit in order to ensure the reliable operation of the unit.

水分对发电机组的影响
Influence of moisture on generator set
在利用沼气发电过程中，沼气水分含量过大的话，会导致发电机组的进气压力损耗过大，严重的情况下，会引起发动机功率波动、敲缸、停机等严重地影响其使用寿命。其具体表现为：
In the process of using biogas for power generation, if the moisture content of biogas is too large, it will lead to excessive intake pressure loss of the generator set. In serious cases, it will cause engine power fluctuation, cylinder knocking, shutdown, etc., which will seriously affect its service life. Its specific performance is as follows:
发动机点火困难；
Difficult ignition of engine;
降低燃烧室温度，降低内燃机的效率；
Reduce the temperature of combustion chamber and reduce the efficiency of internal combustion engine;
由于水蒸气等无功气体的存在，增压耗功增大；
Due to the existence of reactive gas such as steam, the power consumption of pressurization increases;
水蒸气与其他酸性物质的化合产生中间产物，对机器本身产生腐蚀，缩短机器的使用寿命，降低机器的可靠性。
The combination of water vapor and other acidic substances produces intermediate products, which corrodes the machine itself, shortens the service life of the machine and reduces the reliability of the machine.
固体杂质对发电机组的影响
Influence of solid impurities on generator set
粉尘是大气环境中涉及面广、危害严重的一种污染物。粉尘是发动机明确限制的杂质，它主要影响在于：
Dust is one of the most extensive and harmful pollutants in the atmospheric environment. Dust is an impurity clearly limited by the engine, and its main effects are:
堵塞管路，流通不畅，加大压损，增加运行费用；
The pipeline is blocked, the circulation is not smooth, the pressure loss is increased, and the operation cost is increased;
增大机械磨损，降低设备使用寿命。
Increase mechanical wear and reduce equipment service life.